What is an Earnings Statement?

We live in a very carefully documented society, and few things are as closely measured and cataloged as finances. From tracking revenue and expenditures for measuring profitability, to identifying financial trends and potential business opportunities, to ensuring that everything is up to date and in order for tax season, most modern organizations tend to keep a close eye on their money. And that means understanding and using an earnings statement. Here, we take a closer look at earnings statements — what they are, why they’re important, and how to use them.

What Is a Statement of Earnings?

An earnings statement (also called a statement of earnings, income statement, or net income statement) is a document detailing money earned by an individual or organization during a specific time period. Performance is usually measured in terms of net profit or loss. Generally, businesses will issue an earnings statement at the end of every quarter, allowing investors to regularly analyze and track the profitability of the company. Employee earnings statements are traditionally issued alongside paychecks as pay stubs.

Why Are Earnings Statements Important?

Whether for individual employees or entire companies, an earning statement provides important details regarding income. Individuals can see how much they’ve earned during a pay period, how much they’ve earned so far during the year and a breakdown of any deductions that might be included. Businesses rely on earning statements (along with balance sheets, cash flow statements, and statements of shareholder’s equity) to summarize their revenue and expenses across a predefined duration of time. They can then identify the company’s total profit or loss, and use that information to help evaluate current strategies. In both cases, the earnings statement should be as clear and accessible as possible, so that users can understand at a glance the current financial situation.

Components of an Earnings Statement

It’s important to note that there is no single, universal format for an employee or organizational earnings statements. That said, nearly every earning statement will contain approximately the same information, and likely won’t be too difficult to navigate — provided you know the various terms and how they relate to one another.

Employee Earning Statement

In addition to the employee’s name, an individual’s earning statement will include the following components:

• **Pay periodThe length of time in which the employee is being paid for work performed.
• **Hours workedThe number of hours of work performed during the pay period. This is not necessarily an indication that the employee is paid on an hourly basis; salaried employees may also have an hours worked section on their pay stub, but it will not affect the amount included in the paycheck.
• **Gross payTotal earnings during the time pay period, before any taxes or other deductions are removed.
• **DeductionsMoney taken out of the gross pay to cover taxes, garnishments, and benefits (such as health insurance). These may include both voluntary and involuntary deductions.
• **Employer contributionsMoney contributed by the employer towards social security, medicare, retirement funds, and certain other benefits. These are often tied directly to voluntary deductions.
• **Net payThe final amount remaining after all deductions have been removed. This is the amount that the employee takes home.

Company Earnings Statement

An earning statement for a business details business profitability for a specified time period. It usually includes the following elements:

• **Time periodThe length of time covered in the earnings statement.
• **RevenueA breakdown of all of the company’s total revenue, including operating and non-operating revenue.
• **GainsIncome generated by other activities, such as one-time sales of assets or equipment (other than inventory).
• **ExpensesA breakdown of the total expense, including all primary-activity expenses such as wages, sales commissions, utilities’ costs, and transportation expenses. This also includes secondary expenses that are not related to core business activities (such as interest paid on a loan).
• **LossesAny expenses accrued from lawsuits, one-time or unusual costs, or loss-making sales.
• **Net incomeA final tally of the profitability of the business for the time period. Net income is calculated by adding together all revenue and gains, and then subtracting the total amount of expenses and losses. It can be represented like this:Net income = (revenue + gains) – (expenses + losses)

Earning Statements with Check Stub Maker

Earning statements are essential to detailing and documenting income. As such, businesses and individuals should closely monitor their statements of earnings for any errors or discrepancies. Miscalculations and other issues can have far-reaching effects and should be brought to accounting departments as quickly as possible. Want to ensure that your earning statements are always accurate? Learn more, and see what Check Stub Maker can do for you!